The Chicago suburb of Oak Park was home to famous architect Frank Lloyd Wright, who had designed The Robie House located near the University of Chicago. ), Other Baptist (Historically Black Protestant Trad. Religion Census. Chicago Taste of Greece flies this weekend", "How Chicago's Pride Parade Grew from a Small March to a Big Event", "Instagreeter Program Launches in Boystown", "About the Lithuanian Opera Company, Inc. in Chicago", "Lollapalooza | History & Facts | Britannica", "Chicago Music City: A Summary Report on the Music Industry in Chicago", "Best Free Thanksgiving Events In Chicago", "13 Things You Didn't Know About Navy Pier's New Ferris Wheel", "Skydeck Chicago at Willis Tower | Willis Tower Glass Ledge", "Top Ten Cities in the United States: Readers' Choice Awards", "Chicago's Deep Dish History: It All Started With Uno's", "Chicago: Landmarks, Pizza, Politics, and Jazz", "City of the big sandwiches: Four uncommon Chicago meals on a bun", "Omnivorous: On the Trail of the Delta Tamale", "Weekend festival celebrates food trucks in Chicago", "Robb Report Editors Name Chicago As Country's Finest Dining Destination", "The Moneyed Muse: What can two hundred million dollars do for poetry? Student Location Diversity 85 out of 100. There were more than 1,061,928 households, of which 28.9% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 35.1% were married couples living together, 18.9% had a female householder with no husband present, and 40.4% were non-families. The mayor appoints commissioners and other officials who oversee the various departments. The city's ethnic diversity made communication, much less evangelization, difficult for native-born Protestant ministers. These relationships have sought to promote economic, cultural, educational, and other ties. [264], Chicago has also entered into esports with the creation of the Chicago Huntsmen, a professional Call of Duty team that participates within the CDL. In 2018, the Chicago Department of Health, estimated 7.5% of the adult population, approximately 146,000 Chicagoans, were LGBTQ. Numbers, Facts and Trends Shaping Your World, Conservative Baptist Association of America, General Association of Regular Baptist Churches, Nondenominational Christian (Evangelical Trad. They have played more games and have more wins than any other team in Major League baseball since 1876. The Asian represented 5.5% of the population and the Native American population was 0.5% of the population. The city is the home to a large Romanian American community with more than 100,000.[13]. [31], After the War of 1812, the Ottawa, Ojibwe, and Potawatomi tribes ceded additional land to the United States in the 1816 Treaty of St. Louis. The fiscal crisis was resolved by 1933, and at the same time, federal relief funding began to flow into Chicago. [1] Within fifty years of the Great Chicago Fire of 1871, the population had tripled to over 3 million. An official website of the City of Chicago, Permit for Business ID and Advertising Signs, Vital Records from the Cook County Clerk's Office, AIC (Annual Inspection Certification) Inspections, Economic Disclosure, Affidavit, Online EDS, City Council Office of Financial Analysis, Community Commission for Public Safety & Accountability, U.S. Census Bureau's Statistics about Chicago, 8 major league sports teams, including two MLB teams, 20+ film and filmmaker nonprofit organizations, 307 fields for soccer, football, lacrosse and more, Chicago has the second-highest percentage of commuters riding their bikes to work, Bicycle commute times in the region average only 23 minutes, 19 miles of lakefront bicycle paths along Lake Michigan, A 40-acre bike path for BMX and trail-riding, 40 James Beard Award-winning restaurants, and host of the annual James Beard Awards, GuaranteedRate Field (FormerlyComiskeyPark)- Bridgeport. [299] Chicago ended 2013 with 415 murders, the lowest number of murders since 1965, and overall crime rates dropped by 16 percent. Segments that link to the city center are named after influential politicians, with three of them named after former U.S.Presidents (Eisenhower, Kennedy, and Reagan) and one named after two-time Democratic candidate Adlai Stevenson. The ethnic makeup of the population is 28% Hispanic and 72% belong to non Hispanic background. 35.2%. The city served as the venue for the medical dramas ER and Chicago Hope, as well as the fantasy drama series Early Edition and the 20052009 drama Prison Break. [280], The city is home of former United States President Barack Obama and First Lady Michelle Obama; Barack Obama was formerly a state legislator representing Chicago and later a US senator. Chicago is a major world convention destination. ", Appendix C: Regional Freight Transportation Profiles, "Preliminary Traffic Results for 2005 Show Firm Rebound (March 14, 2006)", "Top IDOT official says third airport will be built", "What really happens to Chicago's blue cart recycling? All other percentages (such as state-level data or data on specific demographic groups) are rounded to the nearest integer (e.g., 23%). In 2005, O'Hare was the world's busiest airport by aircraft movements and the second-busiest by total passenger traffic. Anarchist and socialist groups played prominent roles in creating very large and highly organized labor actions. [84] While home loan discriminatory redlining against blacks continued, the real estate industry practiced what became known as blockbusting, completely changing the racial composition of whole neighborhoods. Winters are relatively cold and snowy. [265] Lincoln Park, the largest of the city's parks, covers 1,200 acres (490ha) and has over 20million visitors each year, making it third in the number of visitors after Central Park in New York City, and the National Mall and Memorial Parks in Washington, D.C.[266], There is a historic boulevard system,[267] a network of wide, tree-lined boulevards which connect a number of Chicago parks. Among the nations biggest metro areas, Phoenix has one of the highest concentrations of Mormons (6%). The Bah' temple is in Wilmette, Illinois. Guide to ALL the Filming locations", "Watch as Chicago Transforms Into Metropolis & Gotham City", "Wax Trax Records long gone, but pulse of its music is strong", "Car Ownership in U.S. Cities Data and Map", "Chicago Welcomes Divvy Bike Sharing System", "Divvy to get $50 million upgrade from Lyft investment in exchange for ride revenue under contract proposal", "City gets ready to spread Divvy bikes to Far South Side", "City Of Chicago Announces E-Scooter Pilot Program And Call For Vendors", "Electric shared scooters have arrived in Chicago: Here's what you need to know", "Just like Lime, Bird says biggest rider complaint is not enough scooters", "Should Chicago keep e-scooter program going? [105] The Illinois Department of Tourism defines Chicagoland as Cook County without the city of Chicago, and only Lake, DuPage, Kane, and Will counties. [127][128], A popular tourist activity is to take an architecture boat tour along the Chicago River. "New York, Philadelphia, and other northern cities: phonology". The Fourth Presbyterian Church is one of the largest Presbyterian congregations in the United States based on memberships. [245], One of the world's most decorated restaurants and a recipient of three Michelin stars, Alinea is located in Chicago. There are 24 public beaches across 26 miles (42km) of the waterfront. Theatre-goers can choose from thousands of performances annually, featuring everything from Shakespeare to variety, in many languages. [189] The Chicago metropolitan area has the third-largest science and engineering work force of any metropolitan area in the nation. [11] Grant Park holds Millennium Park, Buckingham Fountain (1927), and the Art Institute of Chicago. As of 2018[update], Windy City Live is Chicago's only daytime talk show, which is hosted by Val Warner and Ryan Chiaverini at ABC7 Studios with a live weekday audience. Within the span of forty years, the city's population grew from slightly under 30,000 to over 1 million by 1890. [130] A number of Chicago's public art works are by modern figurative artists. The American Medical Association, Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education, Accreditation Council for Continuing Medical Education, American Osteopathic Association, American Dental Association, Academy of General Dentistry, Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics, American Association of Nurse Anesthetists, American College of Surgeons, American Society for Clinical Pathology, American College of Healthcare Executives, the American Hospital Association and Blue Cross and Blue Shield Association are all based in Chicago. Broadway In Chicago offers Broadway-style entertainment at five theaters: the Nederlander Theatre, CIBC Theatre, Cadillac Palace Theatre, Auditorium Building of Roosevelt University, and Broadway Playhouse at Water Tower Place. The City Beautiful movement inspired Chicago's boulevards and parkways. Greyhound Lines provides inter-city bus service to and from the city, and Chicago is also the hub for the Midwest network of Megabus (North America). [42] The Chicago Board of Trade (established 1848) listed the first-ever standardized "exchange-traded" forward contracts, which were called futures contracts.[43]. Of the remaining third, around 1. [129], Chicago is famous for its outdoor public art with donors establishing funding for such art as far back as Benjamin Ferguson's 1905 trust. Other museums and galleries in Chicago include the Chicago History Museum, the Driehaus Museum, the DuSable Museum of African American History, the Museum of Contemporary Art, the Peggy Notebaert Nature Museum, the Polish Museum of America, the Museum of Broadcast Communications, the Pritzker Military Library, the Chicago Architecture Foundation, and the Museum of Science and Industry. Chicago is the birthplace of gospel, electric blues, house, juke, footwork, and drill. He defeated Douglas in the general election, and this set the stage for the American Civil War. Chicago has a sizeable Romanian American community,[13] As of 2018[update], the Lithuanian population is over 100,000 and was formerly over 300,000; the world's oldest continuously published Lithuanian-language newspaper Draugus is based in Chicago. The accent remains well associated with the city. Data from 372groups has arrived. [116] Many of the city's residential streets have a wide patch of grass or trees between the street and the sidewalk itself. Sign up to receive updates. As in the rest of the state of Illinois, Chicago forms part of the Central Time Zone. [citation needed], Chicago also hosts a nationally televised Thanksgiving parade that occurs annually. [173], According to the U.S. Census Bureau's American Community Survey data estimates for 20082012, the median income for a household in the city was $47,408, and the median income for a family was $54,188. Many additional diagonal streets were recommended in the Plan of Chicago, but only the extension of Ogden Avenue was ever constructed. ", "Counting Bullets: A Night at a Chicago Trauma Unit", "Chicago has assembled a sorority of sister cities", "Director Emeritus James Webster Looks Backward, Forward", "International relations: special partners", "Russia Ukraine War: Chicago Mayor Lori Lightfoot suspends Moscow's sister city status", "Lei n 14.471, de 10 de julho de 2007 Radar Municipal", Association for Preservation Technology International, Maps of Chicago from the American Geographical Society Library, Chicago Cityscape, Chicago, Cook County, IL, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Chicago&oldid=1142802375, West Indian (except Hispanic groups) (10,349), Iroquois Landing Lakefront Terminal: at the mouth of the Calumet River, it includes 100 acres (0.40km, Lake Calumet terminal: located at the union of the, Grain (14million bushels) and bulk liquid (800,000 barrels) storage facilities along, The Illinois International Port district also operates, This page was last edited on 4 March 2023, at 13:01. [110] The South Side is the largest section of the city, encompassing roughly 60% of the city's land area. [191] Chicago was the base of commercial operations for industrialists John Crerar, John Whitfield Bunn, Richard Teller Crane, Marshall Field, John Farwell, Julius Rosenwald and many other commercial visionaries who laid the foundation for Midwestern and global industry. The independents finally gained control of city government in 1983 with the election of Harold Washington (in office 19831987). [296] but shot up to 506 in 2012. Chicago Population & Age Distribution Total Population 2,696,555 Age Under 5 Years: 6.1% 5 - 17: 14.3% 18 - 24: 9.8% 25 - 34: 20.1% 35 - 54: 25.9% 55 - 64: 11.1% Over 65 Years: 12.7% Educational Attainment of Adults Attending College High School Graduates College Graduated 5.3% 85.9% As the major meat companies grew in Chicago many, such as Armour and Company, created global enterprises. There is a substantial Cuban population in Chicago. Language other than English spoken at home, percent of persons age 5 years+, 2017-2021. These districts include the Mexican American neighborhoods, such as Pilsen along 18th street, and La Villita along 26th Street; the Puerto Rican enclave of Paseo Boricua in the Humboldt Park neighborhood; Greektown, along South Halsted Street, immediately west of downtown;[214] Little Italy, along Taylor Street; Chinatown in Armour Square; Polish Patches in West Town; Little Seoul in Albany Park around Lawrence Avenue; Little Vietnam near Broadway in Uptown; and the Desi area, along Devon Avenue in West Ridge. Club. An attempt was made in the early 20th century to link Chicago with New York City via the Chicago New York Electric Air Line Railroad. (+1) 202-857-8562 | Fax With its four interconnected buildings, it is the largest convention center in the nation and third-largest in the world. Religion Census 2010 offers unique insights into religious populations. [75] Chicago was the location of the infamous St. Valentine's Day Massacre in 1929, when Al Capone sent men to gun down members of a rival gang, North Side, led by Bugs Moran. The park is listed on the National Register of Historic Places listings in South Side Chicago. Since 1999, Judge Mathis also films his syndicated arbitration-based reality court show at the NBC Tower. [339] The program started on June 15 with 10 different scooter companies, including scooter sharing market leaders Bird, Jump, Lime and Lyft. ), Other Metaphysical Christian ("Other Christian" Trad. [98][99], Chicago's history and economy are closely tied to its proximity to Lake Michigan. [9] One of the most distinct of these German groups were the Volga Germans, or ethnic Germans having lived along the Volga River in Russia. [311], Chicago high school rankings are determined by the average test scores on state achievement tests. [citation needed] Lane is one of the oldest schools in Chicago and in 2012 was designated a National Blue Ribbon School by the U.S. Department of Education. [317], The Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Chicago operates Catholic schools, that include Jesuit preparatory schools and others including St. Rita of Cascia High School, De La Salle Institute, Josephinum Academy, DePaul College Prep, Cristo Rey Jesuit High School, Brother Rice High School, St. Ignatius College Preparatory School, Mount Carmel High School, Queen of Peace High School, Mother McAuley Liberal Arts High School, Marist High School, St.Patrick High School and Resurrection High School. The first known reference to the site of the current city of Chicago as "Checagou" was by Robert deLaSalle around 1679 in a memoir. The U.S. [328] All three Chicago franchise shows are filmed locally throughout Chicago and maintain strong national viewership averaging 7 million viewers per show. The city is the United States' third-largest convention destination. [121] The Loop's historic buildings include the Chicago Board of Trade Building, the Fine Arts Building, 35East Wacker, and the Chicago Building, 860-880 Lake Shore Drive Apartments by Mies van der Rohe. [32][33][34], On August 12, 1833, the Town of Chicago was organized with a population of about 200. [362], To celebrate the sister cities, Chicago hosts a yearly festival in Daley Plaza, which features cultural acts and food tastings from the other cities. [citation needed]. Some can be seen from the Kennedy Expressway, other roadways, and public transportation routes, as well as from the neighborhood streets. With more than 370 religious bodies,over 350,000 congregations, and over 160 million adherents,the 2020 U.S. This led to the creation of the atomic bomb by the United States, which it used in World War II in 1945. Chicago was named Americas Best Bike City by Bicycling Magazine in 2016. The city also has one PBS member station (its second: WYCC 20, removed its affiliation with PBS in 2017[322]): WTTW 11, producer of shows such as Sneak Previews, The Frugal Gourmet, Lamb Chop's Play-Along and The McLaughlin Group. [237] Enthusiasts of the Chicago-style hot dog frown upon the use of ketchup as a garnish, but may prefer to add giardiniera. In addition to Boeing, which located its headquarters in Chicago in 2001, and United Airlines in 2011, GE Transportation moved its offices to the city in 2013 and GE Healthcare moved its HQ to the city in 2016, as did ThyssenKrupp North America, and agriculture giant Archer Daniels Midland. Those with skills in demand couldand often didstay. Religion Census is your source for religious data at the county level. political ideology by metro area, Learn More: political ideology, Conservative, Moderate, Liberal, % of adults in the Chicago metro area who would rather have, Compare: The Chicago Bears, one of the last two remaining charter members of the National Football League (NFL), have won nine NFL Championships, including the 1985 Super BowlXX. Chicago's homicide tally remained low during 2005 (449), 2006 (452), and 2007 (435) but rose to 510 in 2008, breaking 500 for the first time since 2003. [319], William Rainey Harper, the first president of the University of Chicago, was instrumental in the creation of the junior college concept, establishing nearby Joliet Junior College as the first in the nation in 1901. Included among these are its nationally renowned deep-dish pizza; this style is said to have originated at Pizzeria Uno. A number of statues also honor recent local heroes such as Michael Jordan (by Amrany and Rotblatt-Amrany), Stan Mikita, and Bobby Hull outside of the United Center; Harry Caray (by Amrany and Cella) outside Wrigley field, Jack Brickhouse (by McKenna) next to the WGN studios,[citation needed] and Irv Kupcinet at the Wabash Avenue Bridge. [93], On February 23, 2011, former Illinois Congressman and White House Chief of Staff Rahm Emanuel won the mayoral election. [252] In the 1980s, a modern form of poetry performance began in Chicago, the poetry slam. Official records for Chicago were kept at various locations in downtown from January 1871 to 31 December 1925, University of Chicago from 1 January 1926 to 30 June 1942, Midway Airport from 1 July 1942 to 16 January 1980, and at O'Hare Airport since 17 January 1980. Only about half of the residents in the Seattle (52%) and San Francisco (48%) metropolitan areas identify as Christians, as well as roughly six-in-ten or fewer of those living in Boston (57%) and New York (59%). During the 1880s and 1890s, Chicago had a powerful radical tradition with large and highly organized socialist, anarchist and labor organizations. [238][239][240], A distinctly Chicago sandwich, the Italian beef sandwich is thinly sliced beef simmered in au jus and served on an Italian roll with sweet peppers or spicy giardiniera. [229], The Willis Tower (formerly named Sears Tower) is a popular destination for tourists. Purchase this important reference work thatincludes maps and charts. Since 1968, the Joseph Jefferson Awards are given annually to acknowledge excellence in theater in the Chicago area. belief in existence of standards for right and wrong by metro area, Learn More: belief in absolute standards for right and wrong, There are clear standards for what is right and wrong, Right or wrong depends on the situation, % of adults in the Chicago metro area who read scripture, Compare: [citation needed], Chicago has been a hub of the retail sector since its early development, with Montgomery Ward, Sears, and Marshall Field's. [citation needed], The Chicago Sky is a professional basketball team playing in the Women's National Basketball Association (WNBA). [193] Academically, Chicago has been influential through the Chicago school of economics, which fielded some 12 Nobel Prize winners. [citation needed], More representational and portrait statuary includes a number of works by Lorado Taft (Fountain of Time, The Crusader, Eternal Silence, and the Heald Square Monument completed by Crunelle), French's Statue of the Republic, Edward Kemys's Lions, Saint-Gaudens's Abraham Lincoln: The Man (a.k.a. Persons per household, 2017-2021. [12] Additionally, The Patriarchal see of the Assyrian Church of the East was based in Chicago for several decades up until 2015 when it was moved to Erbil. [326][327], Chicago has also been the setting of a number of television shows, including the situation comedies Perfect Strangers and its spinoff Family Matters, Married with Children, Punky Brewster, Kenan & Kel, Still Standing, The League, The Bob Newhart Show, and Shake It Up. [3], In 2000, 21.7% of the population was foreign born; of this, 56.3% came from Latin America, 23.1% from Europe, 18.0% from Asia and 2.6% from other parts of the world. Chicago's dedication to invest in better bike infrastructure made biking it safer and more comfortable for everyone in Chicago, regardless of age or ability. At least three short periods in the history of Chicago have had a lasting influence on American literature. Of the area's colleges and universities, the University of Chicago, Northwestern University, and the University of Illinois Chicago are classified as "highest research" doctoral universities. The city's main convention center is McCormick Place. Illinois. [279] During much of that time, the city administration found opposition mainly from a liberal "independent" faction of the Democratic Party. Of the total population in 1900, more than 77% were either foreign-born or born in the United States of foreign parentage. [25], The city has had several nicknames throughout its history, such as the Windy City, Chi-Town, Second City, and City of the Big Shoulders. Chicago is also featured in a few video games, including Watch Dogs and Midtown Madness, a real-life, car-driving simulation game. [citation needed], Lincoln Park contains the Lincoln Park Zoo and the Lincoln Park Conservatory. [321] Each of the big four U.S. television networks, CBS, ABC, NBC and Fox, directly owns and operates a high-definition television station in Chicago (WBBM 2, WLS 7, WMAQ 5 and WFLD 32, respectively). [78] Chicago was also a hotbed of labor activism, with Unemployed Councils contributing heavily in the early depression to create solidarity for the poor and demand relief, these organizations were created by socialist and communist groups. [36], As the site of the Chicago Portage,[37] the city became an important transportation hub between the eastern and western United States. [14] O'Hare International Airport is routinely ranked among the world's top six busiest airports according to tracked data by the Airports Council International. [242] The tradition of serving the Greek dish saganaki while aflame has its origins in Chicago's Greek community. The Irish were able to assert themselves in politics due to their large population but also the fact that they knew English and that thanks to the geographic position of Ireland on the periphery of Europe they did not have ancestral ethnic rivalries. Three of the most heavily Catholic cities also are the nations three largest cities. [162][163][164][165], Chicago has the third-largest LGBT population in the United States. [38][39][40][41], A flourishing economy brought residents from rural communities and immigrants from abroad. The city has major financial and futures exchanges, including the Chicago Stock Exchange, the Chicago Board Options Exchange (CBOE), and the Chicago Mercantile Exchange (the "Merc"), which is owned, along with the Chicago Board of Trade (CBOT) by Chicago's CME Group. Additionally, Chicago is one of the eight cities in the United States to have won championships in the four major professional leagues and, along with Los Angeles, New York, Philadelphia and Washington, is one of five cities to have won soccer championships as well. [61] Programs that were developed there became a model for the new field of social work. [9] The Great Chicago Fire in 1871 destroyed several square miles and left more than 100,000 homeless,[10] but Chicago's population continued to grow to 503,000 by 1880 and then doubled to more than a million within the decade. [144], Like other major cities, Chicago experiences an urban heat island, making the city and its suburbs milder than surrounding rural areas, especially at night and in winter. Kortmann, Bernd, Kate Burridge, Rajend Mesthrie, Edgar W. Schneider and Clive Upton (eds). The grid's regularity provided an efficient means of developing new real estate property. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. ", "Sweet home Chicago: Best Sports City 2010", "MLB Teams and Baseball Encyclopedia - Baseball-Reference.com", "Team Encyclopedias and Records | Pro-Football-Reference.com", "Bulls are second-most popular U.S. team on Facebook", "Chicago's Derrick Rose Wins 201011 Kia NBA MVP Award", "Chicago Fire are returning to Soldier Field beginning with the 2020 MLS season: 'This can change the whole tenor of the club', "Chicago Park Boulevard System Historic District" map, "Biking the Boulevards with Geoffrey Baer", "Chicago Park Boulevard System Historic District", "WEEKLY LIST OF ACTIONS TAKEN ON PROPERTIES: 02/01/2019 THROUGH 2/7/2019", "National Register of Historic Places Registration Form: Chicago Park Boulevard System Historic District", "Forest Preserve District of Cook County", "7 big ideas for making Illinois more (small-d) democratic CHANGE Illinois", "With Michelle Obama In Town, Speculation About Future For Their Home", "Baltimore ranked 6th in murder rate in 2012", "Chicago toll rises despite gun clampdown", "Chicago's 762 homicides in 2016 is highest in 19 years. the expected highest and lowest temperature readings at any point during the year or given month) calculated based on data at said location from 1991 to 2020. [74], The ratification of the 18th amendment to the Constitution in 1919 made the production and sale (including exportation) of alcoholic beverages illegal in the United States. It also has entertainment systems inside the gondolas as well as a climate controlled environment. [30], The city saw an increase of 20,606 people from July 1, 2007 to July 1, 2008, according to census data. In 1990, Chicago's South Side and the adjoining south suburbs constituted the largest black majority region in the entire United States. Ansari, Azadeh and Rosa Flores (January 2, 2017). The current mayor is Lori Lightfoot. [108] The three sides of the city are represented on the Flag of Chicago by three horizontal white stripes. The Archdiocese is divided into six vicariates and 31 deaneries. [citation needed], Chicago Public Radio produces nationally aired programs such as PRI's This American Life and NPR's Wait WaitDon't Tell Me!.
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