(southern Democrats). But how much really changed? It gave all men, regardless of race, the ability to vote in the United States. The next century would see African Americans continuing to fight for the legal rights they had been granted and were rightfully entitled to. bookmarked pages associated with this title. Finally, History Matters offers helpful pages on "Making Sense of Maps.". WebIdentify specific problems that may have emerged as a result of Reconstruction policy in its many and varied permutations. Similarly, there were those in the South who turned their bitterness at losing the war into a default position of hostility to all efforts to move forward. Discuss how these policies may have affected attitudes in Johnson deliberately removed himself from the decisions involving Reconstruction. Reconstruction in Practice. Republicans were in control of both the House and Senate, and they gave a ringing endorsement to the amendment and congressional, not presidential, Reconstruction. the amendment stating that all people born in the US have the same rights and are all born equal under the law. President Johnsons view of African Americans was: That they should be granted equal rights to whites, including voting rights, That they should be granted equal rights to whites, but not voting rights, That they should not be granted equal rights to whites. In case of the removal of the President from office or of his death or resignation, the Vice President shall become President. Po^dl=X7K1*,@~]^[ #Uh"d They were codes or rules created by southerners after the Civil War to restrict the new rights and freedoms of African American in the south. The Ku Klux Klan was a secretive, racist organization who used violence and fear to intimidate freedmen and whites that supported freedmen. What was the purpose behind the Black Codes? Compose and turn in for a grade a 2-4 page brief for the historian in Activity 2 that more fully evaluates the views presented in the document covered by his or her group. Demonstrate their ability to navigate through a statistical map interactive. Write a short essay on how social contexts surrounding a person can contribute to his or her upbringing, beliefs and overall quality of life. plan was the easiest on the South? The carpetbaggers, so named because of how they travelled light with inexpensive luggage made of fabric, were largely a benign group of Northern Republicans seeking a fresh start in the South (despite Southern Democrats fears to the contrary). (113M 35(VgS[Ywhhyy]^TTrni9j8m^!^ H` A monumental tomb in New York City was constructed in his honor as a result of what was the largest public fundraising campaign in history up to that time. vague-treason, bribery, or other high crimes or misdemeanors. The impeachment of Johnson. Also, this page requires javascript. In some cases these newcomers were motivated by noble sentiment, while others were merely out to seek their fortunes. You have not finished your quiz. Determined to prevent Johnson from interfering with their plan, Radical Republicans pushed through two pieces of legislation in March 1867 intended to severely limit presidential power. After the impeachment of Andrew Johnson and the ascendancy of Congress in directing Reconstruction policy, the realities of enforcing their well-meaning goals soon dimmed the enthusiasm of many Republicans. Which of the following best summarizes President Lincolns attitude toward the policies and process of Reconstruction? They came from a wide variety of backgrounds ranging from highly-educated professionals to former Civil War soldiers. Southern States had to approve the 13Amendment 2) Southern states had to nullify seceding from the union. Who did it benefit? 9RR}yswNQZ8][1FM_+ What problems were faced by the freed slaves? he was lincoln's vice president and a southern democrat. Each document corresponds to one of the five Topics in the After Reconstruction section of the interactive. It tested the Constitution and resulted in a compromise that ended Reconstruction in America. Alexander Stephens. Women's rights advocates Susan B. Anthony and Elizabeth Cady Stanton were incensed that the Fifteenth Amendment did not also list gender among the conditions that could not be used to deny a citizen the right to vote. there was corruption, but no more in the South than the North and no more than usual in the gov't, but Democrats kept this myth alive to keep power. He believed the South should not be welcomed back into the Union, He believed the Southern states should have to recognize equal rights for African Americans before being welcomed back into the Union, He insisted that a majority of Southern citizens take an oath of loyalty before the South could be welcomed back into the Union. Following the presentations, the teacher may also wish to lead the class in a discussion of the methodology of this activity, asking students to examine the ways in which maps, pictures, and original documents expanded their understanding of the topic. Lincoln vetoed this bill, setting the stage for a compromise on the issue of Reconstruction. The central question of Reconstruction was how to reunite a badly divided country fractured by four years of civil war. Alternative means of assessment include asking the students to do either or both of the following: 1. %PDF-1.5 % What was the immediate cause of Johnson's impeachment? The effects of the Civil War and of Reconstructionparticularly in the Southcontinue to shape and to be a contentious subject in our politics today. The term was used derisively by white Southern Democrats who opposed Reconstruction legislation. What did the Black Codes indicate to the North? In part, Grants administration suffered because of some real and some exaggerated charges of corruptionmost of which did not directly involve Grant but tarnished him nonetheless. The Thirteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution officially abolished and continues to prohibit slavery and involuntary servitude, except as punishment for a crime. Required 50% of southern white men to swear allegiance of the union and accept the end of slavery. The amendments created to protect black freedoms seemed like a huge step in the right Did black legislatures outnumber whites in any state legislatures? It gave native born blacks citizenship. What wasthe primary purpose of the Reconstruction period following the Civil War? What were some of the accomplishments of the Reconstruction legislatures? Did black voting end in 1877 with the end of Reconstruction? He placed North Carolina and eventually other states under appointed provisional governors chosen mostly from among prominent southern politicians who had opposed the secession movement and had rendered no conspicuous service to the Confederacy. HUKo0WhUK( Why was the election of 1876 called the Disputed Election? Prior to his election Congress had already passed, among other legislative acts: Guaranteed protection for all U.S. citizens, regardless of color, to "to make and enforce contracts, to sue, be parties, give evidence, and to the full and equal benefit of all laws and proceedings for the security of persons and property as is enjoyed by white citizens, and shall be subject to like punishment, pains, penalties, taxes, licenses, and exactions of every kind." Formally defines citizenship and protects a person's civil and political rights from being abridged or denied by any state. What tactic was used? Hayes would be president with the understanding that he would deal 'justly' with the south (leave them alone and allow them to restore white supremacy. pNqmjEJOpKxZv{u 4-aCn v84l%_YYk:Ii:vSG#oa H"x\*Uj/V-,!9.RT5\VM_nCdB5" \.x}{ No/^+4.svjc;NfdHsfJhl\_e2nsS,{ Georgia, along with Mississippi, Texas, and Virginia, had to satisfy an additional condition: ratification of the Fifteenth Amendment, which prohibited the states from denying a citizen the right to vote because of race, color, or previous condition of servitude. Copy of Evaluating Reconstruction Interactive Activity.docx, Karen-Hernandez_Evaluating_Reconstruction_Interactive_Activity, Evaluating Reconstruction Interactive Project.docx, Janmarco Ordonez Romero - Evaluating Reconstruction Interactive Project.pdf, Linh Ho - Reconstruction Notes Questions.docx, Deysha Macrae Reconstruction assignment.docx, HIS 121-W1 Ch. hbbd``b`"|c4`@@Hd100Kg0` What did the conflict between Johnson and Congress result in? In 1865 President Andrew Johnson implemented a plan of Reconstruction that gave the white South a free hand in regulating the transition from slavery to freedom and offered no role to blacks in the politics of the South. In Grants opposition to the Tenure of Office Act (passed during Johnsons term in 1867), which required Senate approval of all presidential appointments and dismissals, many believed that Grant evinced the kind of political fortitude necessary to set things aright. Connect to Life Which speaker's view of love appeals more to you? they wre industrialists and bankers. Identify specific problems that may have emerged as a result of Reconstruction policy in its many and varied permutations. What was the Civil Rights Act of 1875? D. H. Chamberlain, Governor of South Carolina (on the occasion of riots in Hamburg, S.C.), August 1, 1876, Group C: Excerpt from Carl Schurz, speech in the Senate, January 30, 1872, Group D: Rutherford B. Hayes, letter of acceptance of the nomination for the Presidency, June 8, 1876. In any event, these Northern carpetbaggers were viewed as outsiders and exploiters by many who formerly had been loyal to the Confederacy. While it could be used in a derogatory way, it did notin every casesuggest racist attitudes or carry the stigma that it does today. What segregated (separated) blacks & whites after Reconstruction. Microbiology CH9 Genetic Change and Genome Ev. Though Republicans made quick and huge political gains in the South as newly enfranchised black voters rushed to their support, it was clear that the party and its ideals of peace through racial and sectional harmony on Republican terms remained unpopular with large segments of the populationparticularly with those who were disenfranchised because they could not take the oath or otherwise prove their loyalty to the Union. Again, there were many reasons for the poor government in the South, including violence and sabotage from groups like the Ku Klux Klan and the racial animosity that inspired them, a general unwillingness to accept the political and social implications of equality under the law, and a lingering deep resistance to the idea of the supremacy of the Constitution and Union to state and local authority in matters of national significance. Congress was divided among Radical, Moderate, and Conservative Republicans and Democrats. HUO0~_qo'N$bMLBB#%mSIn;6wNO'Hb In June 1868, Congress determined that Alabama, Arkansas, Florida, Georgia, Louisiana, North Carolina, and South Carolina had met the requirements, and the states were admitted to the Union. Granted citizenship, due process, and equal protection under the law. What was the purpose of the Black Codes which were enacted in Southern states in 1865 and 1866? Lincoln "pocket-vetoed" this bill by refusing to sign it after Congress had adjourned. endstream endobj 115 0 obj <>stream These research assistants will evaluate a series of documents (which in this activity will substitute for live interviews) representing a variety of views concerning the direction of Reconstruction policy regarding voting rights and the impact these views had or should have had on the politics of the nation. A particle moves along a straight line with the equation x = 16t + 4t2-3t3 where x is the distance in ft and t is the time in second. endstream endobj 113 0 obj <>stream WebThe Emancipation Proclamation had freed only those enslaved in rebellious states, leaving many enslaved peoplemost notably, those in the border statesin bondage; furthermore, it did not alter or prohibit the institution of slavery in general. Henry McNeal Turner was the first African American elected to the Georgia General Assembly. What was President Johnsons role in the period of Radical Reconstruction that took place in 1867 and 1868? white violence, KKK, terrorizing blacks and those who supported them so they wouldn't vote. This narrative was promoted by former Confederates, academics, and politicians alike and served to falsely provide an underlying ideology to justify denying equal rights. from your Reading List will also remove any Many Native American tribes were stripped of their lands, moved onto reservations, forced into an assimilation program not of their choosing, and in some cases massacred by settlers and/or the U.S. Army. Reconstruction was successful in helping to reunite a divided country. In early 1866, Congressional Republicans, appalled by mass killing of ex-slaves and adoption of restrictive black codes, seized control of Reconstruction from President Johnson. The Radical. This condition was inevitable given the disqualification of many of the regions most experienced and able government officials because of their disfranchisement for participation in the late rebellion. WebThe largest weapons factories were located in the South. quizlet.com H6 Reconstruction i. Discuss how these policies may have affected attitudes in the country and, subsequently, how these attitudes helped or hindered politics upon the conclusion of the Reconstruction era. The Resources of North Carolina: Its Natural Wealth, Condition, and Advantages, as Existing in 1869. While one document cannot speak to the effects of the war on an entire group, it will give students an insight into what may have represented a common experience and reaction to Reconstruction policy. How would you evaluate corruption in the Reconstruction legislatures? ;R5p c-Ncc:ey].Ai4d1]'M-azo!/,'Kx5,:aC;C .Qhg In addition to reviewing the text of the Fourteenth Amendment, each group will be assigned to cover one additional (but short) document and make a presentation to the class summarizing the views presented in it. answer choices Reconstruction Freedman's Bureau Black Codes Jim Crow Laws Question 7 900 seconds Q. Who did the states and congress give free land to? The House of Representatives even voted to impeach Johnson over an appointment he made that violated the newly instated Tenure of Office Act. Workers would be given a modest home, supplies, and a small portion of land to farm for personal use in exchange for also farming the landowners land. WebWhat is Reconstruction? Teachers may wish to have students read several of the following, which illustrate the tension and uncertainty that existed along with the joy of liberty: Students might then be asked to examine the painting A Visit from the Old Mistress from the EDSITEment-reviewed site Africans in America. Would he or she benefit from certain parts of it? He pushed for the establishment of the Department of Justice in 1870, which was tasked with investigating acts of violence against African Americans. Think. Johnson appointed provisional governors and authorized them to set up state conventions, which in turn were charged with declaring secession illegal; repudiating Confederate debts; ratifying the Thirteenth Amendment, which abolished slavery in the United States; and scheduling elections. HWn}W*(5X,lvLvv}X[ZKq>yFNIQ:UNWOo+S.~/\N($B;f %QI`MVy*|UrS=/4t4_&y^F?7KH84ZxGIUl~&=$wZ]mI_}?cIt4.#9r{s~zn|'nDD DqPz7.|f@(F_k~mz\(J( ,l=70$(yAbs[ki i l}QXvf;;4f74x4B3G3=!7.W X5Xz4]?w/ %Q:!^M_}8z:K H?Ce[U|.CKu@CY) iw#7PY7WP$|WPUqAr5vVK]tok*Dx|MX:-!O Jo#=j8u>rRt\?n! ~.Mgq1JwPD_8 sgA4DY_.kYTP@FuU;zvbEFX=1 S$&5blu1X3=y\W]lh 5f+tY[SU%-6+VZX]r6_>:@ t QYoySE"6=sPoa'&vxgO,q2@pYb: S,d.b9Ij?z/pT0,8[Bx53;IGbxfBQcNx;sLWcw1s}(5_1TJz0O#FNl7DysZjEnjN0_k!d.vT&_AfjwGlEPC|aVK=:+JG}gg] @@ovkV\Uv(%xR\V&%9 cn_n@:/X4m4dIo1i`m[q}+ql4w When duly elected black representatives were expelled from the Georgia legislature, Georgia once again fell under military rule. What legal loopholes did Southerners create to resist African American equality? WebList the groups in chronological order that ran and controlled the Reconstruction process in the US Government. Rather than working with congressmen who might have supported his Reconstruction plan, Johnson alienated potential political allies by vetoing legislation intended to ensure civil rights for African Americans. The states were allowed to ignore the Fourteenth Amendment. no, although many blacks stopped participating. Students will be organized into five small groups, each of which will be assigned a document and a set of worksheet questions. The teacher may also wish to explain to the students the use of the word Negro in some of these documents. The teacher may also wish to begin thinking about how the class is to be divided into small groups (3-5 is suggestedbut the teacher should judge the correct size based on the size of the class) as several of the activities in this lesson involve small group work. Saliency maps reveal directly how much a change in each input pixel would affect reconstruction loss, while each pixel's reconstruction error may be attributed to many input pixels when layers are fully connected. The historians aim is to write the first comprehensive history of the period. endstream endobj 117 0 obj <>stream These groups will take on the role of special investigative committees reporting to a Congressional committee examining the effects of Reconstruction. Did Congress do anything about white violence? Irving E. Lowery, Life on the Old Plantation in Ante-Bellum Days, 1911, Group C: Excerpt from the conclusion of Holland Thompson, From the Cotton Field to the Cotton Mill: A Study of the Industrial Transition in North Carolina, 1906, Group D: The Resources of North Carolina: Its Natural Wealth, Condition, and Advantages, as Existing in 1869. The government would pay farmers to grow specific crops that were particularly in demand. Many went to work in the mills. How did the Compromise of 1877 effectively end Reconstruction? 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